{"id":13556,"date":"2024-11-04T14:44:39","date_gmt":"2024-11-04T12:44:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibucharest.com\/?p=13556"},"modified":"2024-11-04T14:44:48","modified_gmt":"2024-11-04T12:44:48","slug":"istoria-indelungata-a-spitalului-caritas-din-bucuresti-cunoscut-drept-spital-pentru-saraci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibucharest.com\/ro\/eternal-13556-istoria-indelungata-a-spitalului-caritas-din-bucuresti-cunoscut-drept-spital-pentru-saraci","title":{"rendered":"Istoria \u00eendelungat\u0103 a spitalului \u201eCaritas\u201d din Bucure\u0219ti, cunoscut drept spital pentru s\u0103raci"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Denumirea spitalului \u201eCaritas\u201d provine din latin\u0103 \u0219i \u00eenseamn\u0103 \u201emilos\u00e2rdie\u201d. Acest spital a func\u021bionat \u00een Bucure\u0219ti \u00eentre anii 1880\u20132011 \u0219i se afla \u00een cartierul Dude\u0219ti. \u00cen perioadele 1920\u20131948 \u0219i 2005\u20132011, spitalul \u201eCaritas\u201d a fost proprietatea comunit\u0103\u021bii evreie\u0219ti din Bucure\u0219ti. \u00cen perioada sa de maxim\u0103 activitate, spitalul ocupa o suprafa\u021b\u0103 de 120\u2013130 hectare. Mai multe despre aceast\u0103 institu\u021bie sanitar\u0103 g\u0103si\u021bi pe <a href=\"http:\/\/ibucharest.com\">ibucharest.com<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ad\u0103post pentru s\u0103raci<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.ibucharest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/69\/2024\/11\/17233749\/ad_4nxfqpy_r2fh19ylkdn7jaftexb-uj5jatmtelkb5jlihqywt5zdaukl7zyi-70ddvaodcktb1jkxlmcuovm-ukc0-jwf1cez-vhvg2lio0llhkleqwqczvfcu8b08dtvtldx8w2ciorivklpntqr8bufme8ykeyaj8k2hkfjjnhaad2exqtyjj8.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Dup\u0103 unirea Principatelor Moldovei \u0219i \u021a\u0103rii Rom\u00e2ne\u0219ti, c\u00e2teva mii de evrei s-au stabilit \u00een Bucure\u0219ti, \u00een zona unde se afl\u0103 ast\u0103zi magazinul Unirea, \u00een cartierul evreiesc, fondat \u00eentre Calea C\u0103l\u0103ra\u0219i, Calea V\u0103c\u0103re\u0219ti \u0219i \u00eenceputul C\u0103ii Dude\u0219ti. Aproximativ \u00een aceea\u0219i perioad\u0103, \u00een anul 1880, \u00een aceste \u00eemprejurimi a fost \u00eenfiin\u021bat un ad\u0103post pentru femei \u0219i copii s\u0103raci, indiferent de confesiune sau na\u021bionalitate, cu o capacitate de 60 de persoane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen 1891, ad\u0103postul a fost transformat \u00eentr-un ambulatoriu care acoperea toate specializ\u0103rile medicale. Din ini\u021biativa doctorului Max \u0218achman, absolvent al Facult\u0103\u021bii de Medicin\u0103 din Paris \u0219i veteran al armatei rom\u00e2ne, aici a fost deschis un spital cu 80 de paturi. Spitalul oferea servicii medicale \u00een domeniul medicinei interne, ginecologiei \u0219i obstetricii, chirurgiei \u0219i pediatriei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen perioada Primului R\u0103zboi Mondial, \u00eentre anii 1916\u20131918, spitalul a func\u021bionat ca spital militar sub patronajul reginei Maria a Rom\u00e2niei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dup\u0103 Primul R\u0103zboi Mondial, doctorul Sigismund Kohl, medic obstetrician, i-a propus pre\u0219edintelui Comunit\u0103\u021bii Evreie\u0219ti a Regatului, avocatul Wilhelm Filderman, s\u0103 achizi\u021bioneze teren pentru un nou spital, cu construirea unei noi maternit\u0103\u021bi moderne \u0219i a unei policlinici pentru femei \u0219i copii. Comunitatea evreiasc\u0103 a fost de acord s\u0103 finan\u021beze construc\u021bia maternit\u0103\u021bii. Ini\u021bial, aceasta a fost cunoscut\u0103 sub numele de \u201eNoua Maternitate\u201d, fondat\u0103 de doctorul Kohl \u0219i Teresa Balli, dintr-o familie renumit\u0103 de oameni de afaceri, familia Balli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Spitalul Militar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.ibucharest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/69\/2024\/11\/17233748\/ad_4nxfraczmqpzkkx5ml6pgtslxwpnpbsyssscp2e1q7uv9zl1bnzl2kbewpqdq2mfzpmncejmdm-jpmjsksdhivxzznmtdpecggeva0dvzz_kexpyyh35olp-cwnqwewbrylznmfjyclr9x6ovv9hm3oyempj9keyaj8k2hkfjjnhaad2exqtyjj8.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Noua cl\u0103dire a fost inaugurat\u0103 solemn la 23 iunie 1933, \u00een prezen\u021ba regelui Rom\u00e2niei Carol al II-lea, a reginei Greciei Elisabeta \u0219i a ministrului muncii \u0219i s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii, Dimitrie R. Ioani\u021bescu. Spitalul avea dou\u0103 etaje \u0219i era destinat trat\u0103rii a 150 de pacien\u021bi, incluz\u00e2nd sec\u021bii de medicin\u0103 intern\u0103, ginecologie \u0219i obstetric\u0103, precum \u0219i un ambulatoriu. Prin amplasarea \u0219i politica sa, spitalul, denumit acum \u201eCaritas\u201d, a devenit cunoscut ca \u201eSpitalul s\u0103racilor\u201d, oferind asisten\u021b\u0103 medical\u0103 rom\u00e2nilor, romilor, evreilor, armenilor \u0219i altor locuitori, indiferent de na\u021bionalitate sau origine. \u00cen conformitate cu acordurile dintre compania \u201eNoua Maternitate\u201d \u0219i comunitatea evreiasc\u0103, pacien\u021bii cu venituri mici beneficiau de tratamente gratuite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00centre anii 1936\u20131940, din ini\u021biativa pediatrului <a href=\"https:\/\/ro.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spitalul_Caritas_din_Bucure%C8%99ti\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Marcu Cajal<\/a> \u0219i cu sprijinul financiar al familiei Flax, \u00een perimetrul spitalului a fost construit\u0103 o nou\u0103 cl\u0103dire cu patru etaje. \u00cen timpul celui de-al Doilea R\u0103zboi Mondial, \u00een perioada 1941\u20131945, spitalul a fost transformat \u00een spital militar. Legile rasiale interziceau evreilor s\u0103 studieze medicina \u00een universit\u0103\u021bi \u0219i medicilor evrei s\u0103 lucreze \u00een institu\u021biile de stat \u0219i s\u0103 trateze pacien\u021bi non-evrei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0218coala Medical\u0103 a lui Cajal<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.ibucharest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/69\/2024\/11\/17233747\/ad_4nxe2cjkjdwmrvfebaxpxjz3wd7ivafdnzixpf8lsh0iazb6xlif8hj0vjttx07k3kt0nyhx-zxntzrx5vda2eqxqvmliaykoz2yhsuquqtcep2iwkmarmo8qt0alcdftucl8lbitse4qtaxfe6a2uogfd8_-keyaj8k2hkfjjnhaad2exqtyjj8.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Cu toate acestea, \u00een perioada de aplicare a legisla\u021biei antievreie\u0219ti, \u00een anii regimului Ion Antonescu, \u00eentre 1940 \u0219i 1944, institu\u021bia a fost autorizat\u0103 s\u0103 func\u021bioneze. Spitalul a servit ca \u0218coal\u0103 Medical\u0103 destinat\u0103 evreilor. Astfel, din martie 1941, Ministerul Educa\u021biei din regimul Antonescu a permis evreilor s\u0103 studieze medicina \u00eentr-o \u0219coal\u0103 separat\u0103, situat\u0103 \u00een perimetrul spitalului \u201eCaritas\u201d. Institu\u021bia era condus\u0103 \u00een acei ani grei de doctorul Marcu Cajal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00centre anii 1942\u20131944, din ini\u021biativa doctorului Marcu Cajal, \u00een amfiteatrele, laboratoarele \u0219i s\u0103lile de spitalizare au fost organizate cursuri pentru evrei \u00een 28 de specialit\u0103\u021bi medicale, conform programelor de studiu ale anilor trei\u2013\u0219ase de la facult\u0103\u021bile de medicin\u0103. Cursurile erau frecventate de peste cincizeci de studen\u021bi, unii dintre ace\u0219tia fiind exmatricula\u021bi din motive \u201erasiale\u201d de la facult\u0103\u021bile de medicin\u0103 din Bucure\u0219ti, Ia\u0219i \u0219i Cluj. \u0218coala a beneficiat de sprijinul unor personalit\u0103\u021bi din medicina rom\u00e2neasc\u0103, printre care Nicolae G. Lupu, \u0218tefan S. Nicolau \u0219i al\u021bii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dup\u0103 c\u0103derea dictaturii mare\u0219alului Ion Antonescu \u00een august 1944, nou\u0103 dintre profesorii de la \u0218coala Cajal au devenit profesori \u0219i lectori la Facultatea de Medicin\u0103 din Bucure\u0219ti. \u00cen anii de r\u0103zboi, spitalului \u201eCaritas\u201d i-a fost ad\u0103ugat\u0103 o nou\u0103 cl\u0103dire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen anii 1950, dup\u0103 na\u021bionalizare, spitalul a fost anexat Facult\u0103\u021bii de Medicin\u0103 din Bucure\u0219ti \u0219i a devenit sediul a trei clinici universitare conduse de medici renumi\u021bi, inclusiv Maximilian Popper, Ion Juvara, Constantin Iliescu \u0219i al\u021bii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen 2007, din cauza dificult\u0103\u021bilor financiare, clinicile au p\u0103r\u0103sit treptat spa\u021biul. P\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2011, \u00eentregul spital a fost evacuat, cu excep\u021bia noii cl\u0103diri construite \u00een anii 1970 sub conducerea prim\u0103riei Bucure\u0219ti, care a devenit un azil de b\u0103tr\u00e2ni dedicat lui Nicolae Cajal. Restul spitalului a intrat \u00een declin \u0219i a fost demolat \u00een 2021.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Denumirea spitalului \u201eCaritas\u201d provine din latin\u0103 \u0219i \u00eenseamn\u0103 \u201emilos\u00e2rdie\u201d. Acest spital a func\u021bionat \u00een Bucure\u0219ti \u00eentre anii 1880\u20132011 \u0219i se afla \u00een cartierul Dude\u0219ti. \u00cen perioadele 1920\u20131948 \u0219i 2005\u20132011, spitalul \u201eCaritas\u201d a fost proprietatea comunit\u0103\u021bii evreie\u0219ti din Bucure\u0219ti. \u00cen perioada sa de maxim\u0103 activitate, spitalul ocupa o suprafa\u021b\u0103 de 120\u2013130 hectare. Mai multe despre aceast\u0103 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":485,"featured_media":13557,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4860],"tags":[5680,5750,5752,5746,5749,5747,5751,5748],"motype":[4864],"moformat":[88],"moimportance":[32,35],"class_list":{"0":"post-13556","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-sunt-sanatos","8":"tag-bucuresti","9":"tag-institutia-medicala","10":"tag-institutia-medicala-bucuresti","11":"tag-istoricul-institutiei-medicale","12":"tag-istoricul-spitalului","13":"tag-spitalul","14":"tag-spitalul-bucuresti","15":"tag-spitalul-pentru-saraci","16":"motype-eternal","17":"moformat-copywriting","18":"moimportance-golovna-novyna","19":"moimportance-retranslyacziya-v-agregatory"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibucharest.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13556","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibucharest.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibucharest.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibucharest.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/485"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibucharest.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13556"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ibucharest.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13556\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13569,"href":"https:\/\/ibucharest.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13556\/revisions\/13569"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibucharest.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13557"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibucharest.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13556"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibucharest.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13556"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibucharest.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13556"},{"taxonomy":"motype","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibucharest.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/motype?post=13556"},{"taxonomy":"moformat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibucharest.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/moformat?post=13556"},{"taxonomy":"moimportance","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibucharest.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/moimportance?post=13556"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}